Key points for the installation of solar energy in existing residential buildings

The key points for installing solar energy in existing residential buildings are as follows:

Preparations before installation

Design document review: The construction drawing design documents should be complete and pass the review, and the special construction plan needs to be approved. The construction unit should formulate a construction safety plan in light of the characteristics of the project and comply with relevant standards and regulations. For example, when scaffolding is used for construction, the scaffolding should comply with the current relevant standards; Temporary power supply at the construction site should comply with relevant national and industry standards. Open-air lifting and hoisting as well as high-altitude operations should be halted in severe weather conditions such as winds of force 6 or above, heavy snow, and thick fog.

Material quality inspection: The specifications, models, colors and performance of the solar water heating system products, accessories and materials installed on site should comply with the design requirements, and they should have quality certification documents such as product qualification certificates, product user manuals, relevant performance test reports and type inspection reports.

Structural safety assessment: For the installation of solar water heating systems in existing building renovation projects, there should be a calculation book issued by the original design unit or a unit with a qualification level no lower than the original design unit that has passed the structural review, or an appraisal document issued by a legal testing institution that has passed the appraisal.

Installation process

Base construction: The connection between the base and the main structure of the building should be constructed in accordance with the design. The cast-in-place concrete base should be constructed simultaneously with the civil engineering works. The base concrete should be poured as per the design requirements, and bolts or embedded parts should be pre-embedded on the base. After the base of the on-site construction of the roof structure layer is completed, waterproofing treatment should be carried out. The waterproofing construction should comply with the design requirements and the provisions of the current national standard "Code for Acceptance of Roof Engineering Quality" GB 50207. The welding of steel structure supports should comply with relevant regulations. After welding, the quality of the weld seams should be inspected and anti-corrosion treatment should be carried out.

Bracket installation: The brackets should be welded or bolted to the concrete base, the embedded steel plates and bolts of the concrete structure, or the steel base and steel structure as per the design requirements. The fixation should be firm and the position accurate.

Component installation: Installation should be carried out by professionals who have received training and passed the assessment. During the installation process, measures should be taken to ensure the personal safety of the construction personnel. Before the installation of the components, the installers should carefully read and be familiar with the design drawings, factory inspection records and relevant technical documents of the solar modules, and make a construction organization design that conforms to the actual construction and is reasonable. Before installation, each solar module should be inspected to measure whether the technical parameters such as open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current of each module are normal. Fix all the components on the installation bracket with stainless steel bolts or special clamps. According to the design requirements of series and parallel connection of the components, connect the positive and negative poles of the components with wires.

Safety protection: During storage, handling and hoisting, the components should not be subject to collision or damage. Before hoisting operations, safety enclosure measures should be well implemented. When hoisting, the hoisting machinery and the goods should not collide with the surrounding buildings and public facilities. Outdoor high-altitude construction operations shall not be carried out under conditions of rain, snow or winds of force 4 or above. Installation shall be halted when there is lightning or the ambient temperature exceeds 40℃. When hoisting the solar modules on the building roof, the bottom should be padded with wood and the back should not be subject to any collision or heavy pressure. When installing and constructing on a pitched roof with a slope greater than 10°, special treads should be set up. When construction workers are engaged in high-altitude operations, reliable protective measures should be set up, safety protective equipment should be worn, and prominent, clear and understandable safety signs should be placed. Regular safety inspections should be conducted on the installation and construction machinery and equipment. During on-site welding operations, reliable fire prevention measures should be taken.

Inspection and debugging after installation

System debugging: Before the solar water heating system is installed and put into use, system debugging should be carried out. The system commissioning should be the responsibility of the construction unit, supervised by the supervision unit, and participated in and cooperated by the construction unit. The implementing unit of the system commissioning can be the construction unit or the supplier of solar water heating system products.

Complete records: The installation and commissioning records of the solar water heating system and related test records should be complete.

Finished product protection: For the installation of solar water heating systems, protective measures should be taken for the completed parts of the project. It should not damage the building structure, decoration and renovation, building insulation, roof waterproofing and ancillary facilities. It should not affect the building's ability to bear various loads within the designed service life, nor should it affect the building's usage functions. During the installation process, the storage, handling and hoisting of products and objects should not be subject to collision or damage. Semi-finished products should be properly protected.